Communications Growth (part 2)

Before now, we know about electric telecommunications. At first, we know commercial electric telegraph is created by Sir Charles Wheatstone and Sir William Fothergill Cooke. And then at same century conventional telephone is found by Alexander Graham Bell and his assistant, Thomas Watson. And at that time, telephone is very important invention because can send messages via cable network. The first voices which successful are sent via cable is the voices of Graham Bell, he said “Mr. Watson, come here, I want you!” at September 10, 1876.

But, the cable network contractions need big cash and long time. Because that, scientists trying to find wireless communication. This effort actually already is started since 1832 when James Lindsay demonstration wireless telegraphy to his student. At 1954 he successful sent messages, from Dundee to Woodhaven, he used water as transmission media. At 1893, Nicola Tesla to describe and explain with detail the basics of wireless telegraphy. He used tools which related with radio system. At December 1901, Guglielmo Macaroni successful to constructive wireless communication between United Kingdom and America, because that he get Nobel, at 1909. Hereinafter, at march 25, 1925 in London, John Logie Baird from Scotland successful sent messages in silhouette move picture form. At October 1925, Baird success sent real picture (television) used nipkow disk is known mechanic television. Hereinafter, Baird success constructive the color television used cathode-ray tubes.

After that we know telecommunications with base use computer. When electronic computers are found at decade 1930, communications growth became faster. Various efforts are made for send messages from one computer to others computer. At September 11, 1940 George Stibitz success sent problems computation used teletype to Complex Number Calculator at New York and accept result at Darthmouth College, New Hampshire.

At decade 1960, scientist began to research about packet switching, so maybe it can sent data from one computer to others computer without through centralized mainframe. At December 5, 1969 scientists successed make network 4-node between The University of California (Los Angeles), The Stanford Research Institute, The University of Utah and The University of California (Santa Barbara). After that, this computer network became ARPANET, which at 1981 have 213 node. At June 1973, something node from outside America is added to this network computer. After that ARPANET fuse with networks others computer so make Internet. At August 1982, protocol electronic mail (e-mail) which is called with SMTP begin to launched. At May 1996, HTTP/1.0 or protocol which may hyperlink Internet success is implemented. The protocols make telecommunication with base computer become very famous.